Potassium citrates

Potassium citrates — monopotassium citrate and tripotassium citrate — are the potassium salts of citric acid. They function as acidity regulators, buffering agents, and emulsifying salts in a variety of food products. In processed cheese they improve texture and meltability; in beverages they adjust pH; and in dietary supplements they serve as a highly bioavailable form of potassium and citrate. They are valued as a sodium-free alternative to sodium citrate (E331).

JECFA's ADI is "not specified," evaluated in 1973 — consistent with citric acid (E330) and all citrate salts. Potassium citrate is metabolised to CO₂ and water through normal citric acid cycle pathways, with the potassium handled through normal renal excretion. No adverse effects have been identified at any dietary intake level from food additive use.

Potassium citrates are approved in the EU, US (GRAS), UK, Australia, and globally. They contribute to dietary potassium intake, generally beneficial for cardiovascular health. People with severe renal disease who must restrict potassium should be aware of their presence in processed cheese and fortified beverages, but for healthy adults they are among the safest and most nutritionally positive food additives.