Reference
Food Additives (E-numbers)
Safety profiles for 382 food additives — JECFA acceptable daily intake (ADI) values, EFSA scientific opinions, and regulatory status across the EU, US, Japan, and Korea. Data sourced from WHO/FAO JECFA and EFSA OpenFoodTox.
Colourants
E100Curcumin
SafeE101Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
SafeE102Tartrazine
AvoidE104Quinoline Yellow
AvoidE110Sunset Yellow FCF
AvoidE120Cochineal
LimitE121Citrus Red No. 2
AvoidE122Azorubine
AvoidE123Amaranth
AvoidE124Ponceau 4R
AvoidE127Erythrosine
AvoidE128Red 2G
AvoidE129Allura Red AC
AvoidE131Patent Blue V
LimitE132Indigotine (Indigo Carmine)
LimitE133Brilliant Blue FCF
LimitE140Chlorophylls
SafeE141Copper complexes of chlorophylls
SafeE142Green S
LimitE150aCaramel colour I (plain)
SafeE150bCaramel colour II (caustic sulphite process)
LimitE150cCaramel colour III (ammonia process)
LimitE150dCaramel colour IV (sulphite-ammonia)
LimitE151Brilliant Black BN
LimitE153Vegetable carbon (Charcoal)
SafeE154Brown FK
LimitE155Brown HT
LimitE160aBeta-carotene
SafeE160bAnnatto extracts (Bixin, Norbixin)
SafeE160cPaprika extract
SafeE160dLycopene
SafeE160eBeta-apo-8-carotenal
SafeE160fEthyl ester of beta-apo-8-carotenic acid
SafeE161bLutein
SafeE161gCanthaxanthin
LimitE161jAstaxanthin
SafeE162Beetroot Red (Betanin)
SafeE163Anthocyanins
SafeE170Calcium carbonate
SafeE171Titanium dioxide
AvoidE172Iron oxides and hydroxides
SafeE173Aluminium
LimitE174Silver
SafeE175Gold
SafeE180Litholrubine BK
LimitE181Tannins
SafePreservatives
E1105Lysozyme
SafeE200Sorbic acid
SafeE201Sodium sorbate
SafeE202Potassium sorbate
SafeE203Calcium sorbate
SafeE210Benzoic acid
LimitE211Sodium benzoate
LimitE212Potassium benzoate
AvoidE213Calcium benzoate
LimitE214Ethylparaben
LimitE215Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate
LimitE216Propylparaben
AvoidE217Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate
AvoidE218Methylparaben
LimitE219Sodium methylparaben
LimitE220Sulphur dioxide
LimitE221Sodium sulfite
LimitE222Sodium bisulphite
LimitE223Sodium metabisulphite
LimitE224Potassium metabisulphite
LimitE225Potassium bisulphite
LimitE226Calcium bisulphite
LimitE227Calcium hydrogen sulphite
LimitE228Potassium hydrogen sulphite
LimitE230Biphenyl (Diphenyl)
LimitE2312-Phenylphenol
LimitE232Sodium 2-phenylphenol
LimitE233Thiabendazole
LimitE234Nisin
SafeE235Natamycin (Pimaricin)
SafeE236Formic acid
LimitE237Sodium formate
LimitE238Calcium formate
LimitE239Hexamethylene tetramine
LimitE242Dimethyl dicarbonate
SafeE243Ethyl lauroyl arginate
SafeE249Potassium nitrite
AvoidE250Sodium nitrite
AvoidE251Sodium nitrate
LimitE252Potassium nitrate
LimitE280Propionic acid
SafeE281Sodium propionate
SafeE282Calcium propionate
SafeE283Potassium propionate
SafeE284Boric acid
LimitE285Sodium tetraborate
LimitE290Carbon dioxide
SafeAntioxidants
E300Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
SafeE301Sodium ascorbate
SafeE302Calcium ascorbate
SafeE304Fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid
SafeE306Tocopherols (Vitamin E)
SafeE307Alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E)
SafeE308Gamma-tocopherol
SafeE309Delta-tocopherol
SafeE310Propyl gallate
LimitE311Octyl gallate
LimitE312Dodecyl gallate
LimitE313Ethyl gallate
LimitE315Erythorbic acid (Isoascorbic acid)
SafeE316Sodium erythorbate
SafeE319TBHQ
AvoidE320BHA
AvoidE321BHT
AvoidE392Rosemary extracts
SafeE512Stannous chloride
LimitAcidity regulators
E260Acetic acid
SafeE261Potassium acetate
SafeE262Sodium acetates
SafeE263Calcium acetate
SafeE264Ammonium acetate
SafeE270Lactic acid
SafeE296Malic acid
SafeE297Fumaric acid
SafeE325Sodium lactate
SafeE326Potassium lactate
SafeE327Calcium lactate
SafeE330Citric acid
SafeE331Sodium citrates
SafeE332Potassium citrates
SafeE333Calcium citrates
SafeE334Tartaric acid
SafeE335Sodium tartrates
SafeE336Potassium tartrates (Cream of tartar)
SafeE337Potassium sodium tartrate
SafeE338Phosphoric acid
LimitE339Sodium phosphates
LimitE340Potassium phosphates
LimitE341Calcium phosphates
LimitE342Ammonium phosphates
SafeE343Magnesium phosphates
LimitE350Sodium malates
SafeE351Potassium malate
SafeE352Calcium malates
SafeE353Metatartaric acid
SafeE354Calcium tartrate
SafeE355Adipic acid
SafeE356Sodium adipate
SafeE357Potassium adipate
SafeE363Succinic acid
SafeE365Sodium fumarates
SafeE366Potassium fumarates
SafeE367Calcium fumarates
SafeE375Nicotinic acid (Niacin)
SafeE380Triammonium citrate
SafeE385Calcium disodium EDTA
LimitE452Polyphosphates
LimitE507Hydrochloric acid
SafeE508Potassium chloride
SafeE509Calcium chloride
SafeE510Ammonium chloride
SafeE511Magnesium chloride
SafeE513Sulphuric acid
SafeE514Sodium sulphates
SafeE515Potassium sulphates
SafeE516Calcium sulphate
SafeE517Ammonium sulphate
SafeE519Copper(II) sulphate
LimitE520Aluminium sulphate
LimitE521Aluminium sodium sulphate
LimitE522Aluminium potassium sulphate
LimitE523Aluminium ammonium sulphate
LimitE524Sodium hydroxide
SafeE525Potassium hydroxide
SafeE526Calcium hydroxide
SafeE527Ammonium hydroxide
SafeE528Magnesium hydroxide
SafeE529Calcium oxide
SafeE574Gluconic acid
SafeE575Glucono delta-lactone
SafeE576Sodium gluconate
SafeE577Potassium gluconate
SafeE578Calcium gluconate
SafeE579Ferrous gluconate
SafeE585Ferrous lactate
SafeEmulsifiers
BVOBrominated Vegetable Oil
AvoidE322Lecithin
SafeE387Oxystearin
SafeE432Polysorbate 20
LimitE433Polysorbate 80
LimitE434Polysorbate 40
LimitE435Polysorbate 60
LimitE436Polysorbate 65
LimitE442Ammonium phosphatides
SafeE444Sucrose acetate isobutyrate
SafeE445Glycerol esters of wood rosins
SafeE459Beta-cyclodextrin
SafeE470aSodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids
SafeE470bMagnesium salts of fatty acids
SafeE471Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
LimitE472aAcetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
SafeE472bLactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
SafeE472cCitric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
SafeE472dTartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
SafeE472eDATEM
SafeE472fMixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
SafeE473Sucrose esters of fatty acids
SafeE474Sucroglycerides
SafeE475Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
SafeE476Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR)
SafeE477Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids
SafeE479bThermo-oxidised soya bean oil with mono- and diglycerides
SafeE481Sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL)
SafeE482Calcium stearoyl lactylate (CSL)
SafeE483Stearyl tartrate
SafeE491Sorbitan monostearate
SafeE492Sorbitan tristearate
SafeE493Sorbitan monolaurate
SafeE494Sorbitan monooleate
SafeE495Sorbitan monopalmitate
SafeE999Quillaia extract
LimitThickeners
E1400Dextrin
SafeE1401Acid-treated starch
SafeE1402Alkaline-treated starch
SafeE1403Bleached starch
SafeE1404Oxidised starch
SafeE1405Enzyme-treated starch
SafeE1410Monostarch phosphate
SafeE1411Distarch glycerol
SafeE1412Distarch phosphate
SafeE1413Phosphated distarch phosphate
SafeE1414Acetylated distarch phosphate
SafeE1420Acetylated starch
SafeE1421Starch acetate
SafeE1422Acetylated distarch adipate
SafeE1440Hydroxypropyl starch
SafeE1441Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol
SafeE1442Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate
SafeE1450Starch sodium octenyl succinate
SafeE1451Acetylated oxidised starch
SafeE1452Starch aluminium octenyl succinate
LimitE400Alginic acid
SafeE401Sodium alginate
SafeE402Potassium alginate
SafeE403Ammonium alginate
SafeE404Calcium alginate
SafeE405Propylene glycol alginate
SafeE407Carrageenan
LimitE407aProcessed eucheuma seaweed
LimitE408Furcelleran
LimitE410Locust bean gum
SafeE412Guar gum
SafeE413Tragacanth gum
SafeE414Acacia gum (Gum Arabic)
SafeE415Xanthan gum
SafeE416Karaya gum
SafeE417Tara gum
SafeE418Gellan gum
SafeE425Konjac gum (Konjac glucomannan)
SafeE426Soybean hemicellulose
SafeE427Cassia gum
SafeE461Methyl cellulose
SafeE462Ethyl cellulose
SafeE463Hydroxypropyl cellulose
SafeE464Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)
SafeE465Methyl ethyl cellulose
SafeE466Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
LimitE468Crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose
SafeE469Enzymatically hydrolysed carboxymethylcellulose
SafeHumectants
Flavour enhancers
E1103Invertase
SafeE620Glutamic acid
LimitE621Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
LimitE622Monopotassium glutamate
LimitE623Calcium diglutamate
LimitE624Monoammonium glutamate
LimitE625Magnesium diglutamate
LimitE626Guanylic acid
LimitE627Disodium guanylate
LimitE628Dipotassium guanylate
LimitE629Calcium guanylate
LimitE630Inosinic acid
LimitE631Disodium inosinate
LimitE632Dipotassium inosinate
LimitE633Calcium inosinate
LimitE634Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides
LimitE635Disodium ribonucleotides
LimitE636Maltol
SafeE637Ethyl maltol
SafeE640Glycine and its sodium salt
SafeE641L-Leucine
SafeE650Zinc acetate
SafeSweeteners
E950Acesulfame K
LimitE951Aspartame
AvoidE952Cyclamate
AvoidE953Isomalt
SafeE954Saccharin
LimitE955Sucralose
LimitE956Alitame
LimitE957Thaumatin
SafeE959Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone
SafeE960Steviol glycosides (Stevia)
SafeE961Neotame
SafeE962Salt of aspartame-acesulfame
LimitE963Tagatose
SafeE964Polyglycitol syrup
SafeE965Maltitol
SafeE966Lactitol
SafeE967Xylitol
SafeE968Erythritol
SafeE969Advantame
SafeFlour treatments
E1100Amylases
SafeE1101Proteases
SafeE1102Glucose oxidase
SafeE1104Lipases
SafeE920L-Cysteine
LimitE922Potassium persulphate
LimitE923Ammonium persulphate
LimitE924Potassium bromate
AvoidE925Chlorine
LimitE926Chlorine dioxide
LimitE927aAzodicarbonamide
AvoidE927bCarbamide
SafeE928Benzoyl peroxide
LimitE930Calcium peroxide
SafeBulking agents
Glazing agents
Gelling agents
Raising agents
Anti-caking agents
E460Microcrystalline cellulose
SafeE530Magnesium oxide
SafeE535Sodium ferrocyanide
SafeE536Potassium ferrocyanide
SafeE538Calcium ferrocyanide
SafeE551Silicon dioxide (Silica)
SafeE552Calcium silicate
SafeE553aMagnesium silicate and trisilicate
SafeE553bTalc
LimitE554Sodium aluminium silicate
LimitE555Potassium aluminium silicate
LimitE556Calcium aluminium silicate
LimitE558Bentonite
SafeE559Aluminium silicate (Kaolin)
LimitE570Fatty acids
SafeE5864-Hexylresorcinol
LimitE900Dimethyl polysiloxane
Safe