Microcrystalline wax

Microcrystalline wax is a petroleum-derived wax produced by de-oiling petrolatum, a by-product of petroleum refining. It consists of branched-chain and cyclic hydrocarbons of higher molecular weight than paraffin wax, giving it a finer crystalline structure, greater plasticity, and higher melting point. As a food additive (E905), it is used as a glazing and release agent on confectionery, chewing gum bases, and certain fresh produce, often in combination with other glazing agents.

JECFA evaluated food-grade microcrystalline wax in 1969 and did not establish a numerical ADI, noting that it is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is chemically inert at the quantities used in food. Food-grade specifications require the complete absence of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), distinguishing it from technical-grade petroleum waxes.

Microcrystalline wax is approved in the EU (E905), the United States (GRAS), and most international markets. Its mineral origin is sometimes noted by consumers preferring natural-source additives, though it presents no identified health concern when produced to food-grade specifications. Vegan consumers should note it is neither animal- nor plant-derived. It is used in very thin surface applications and present only in trace quantities in treated products.